DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
Kalimat langsung (Direct Speech) adalah kalimat yang bilamana reported speech menyatakan kata-kata yang sebenarnya. Kalimat-kalimat tersebut tidak dihubungkan oleh “that” melainkan harus dengan (tanda baca) koma.
Kalimat tidak langsung (indirect speech) adalah kalimat yang bilamana reported speech memberikan isi pokok kata-kata yang dipakai oleh si pembicara dan bukan kata-kata yang sebenarnya. Dalam indirect speech kalimat-kalimat itu dihubungkan dengan kata “that”. Bentuk waktu reporting verb tidak diubah, akan tetapi bentuk waktu reported speech harus diubah berdasarkan bentuk waktu reporting verb.
PENJELASAN
Untuk lebih memahami perbedaan antara direct speeh dengan indirect speech dapat dilihat dari contoh dibawah ini :
• He said ” I live in Depok ”
• He said that he lived in Depok.
• They said “ She will come”
• They said that she would come.
• You said “ they are waiting for the bus”
• You said that they wer waiting for the bus.
• They said “ we love our country”
• They said that they loved their country.
• Gina will sayn”I have no money “
• Gina will say that she has no money.
Kalimat Tanya:
• Lutfia said her friend “ what is imes eating?
• Lutfia asked to her friend, what imes was eating.
• Cakra asked “where do you live?
• Cakra asked me, where I lived.
• Bisma has asked me “when will you go camping?
• Bisma has asked me when will you go camping.
• Lina asked “did you mail tehe letter ?
• Lina asked me, if I had mailed the letter.
• We asked him “where you going by 5 p.m?
• We asked him where he had been going by 5 p.m yesterday.
Conditional If
Conditional Sentence (=Kalimat pengandaian) adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi atau mungkin tidak terjadi seperti yang diharapkan. Kalimat pengandaian terdiri atas dua bagian, yaitu man clause (induk kalimat) dan if clause (anak kalimat). Dalam if clause terkandung syarat-syarat yang harus dipenuhi agar keadaan seperti terkandung dalam main clause dapat terwujud.
Contoh conditional if type 1 (Masih ada kemungkinan)
• If you’re going shopping today, I’ll come with you.
• If you eat too much ice cream , you’ll make your self sick.
Contoh conditional if type 2 (tidak ada kemungkinan)
• If I had his number , I would call him
• If he smokes less, he wouldn’t cough so much.
Contoh kalimat conditional if type 3(tidak terjadi di masa lalu)
• If we had taken a taxi , we wouldn’t have missed the plane
• If I hadn’t eaten so much , I wouldn’t have felt sick.
